WQ: Roble Ahmed

Bishii Oktoobar 2025, wuxuu Abiye Axmed dhagax-dhigay Warshadda Bacriminta ee Godey (Gode Firtilizer Plant) oo uu ku baxayo adduun dhan $2.5 Bilyan, waxaana ka caawinaya uu heshiis aan la sii sheegin kula galay Shirkad Nayjeeriya laga leeyahay oo lagu magacaabo “Dangote Group”. Sida ay sheegtay Dowladda Itoobiya, Mashruucan oo ah kan 5aad ee Qaaradda Afrika waxaa wada fulinaya Dowladda Itoobiya &  Shirkadda Dangote Group  (S ah 40% Dowladda Itoobiya  & 60% Dangote Company).

Bilowgii 1970s, wuxuu Ree Galbeedku kula taliyay Dowladda Itoobiya inay u isticmaasho Bicriminta (Firtilizer) xoojinta & koboca wax-soosaarka dalagga Beeraha maadaama 85% nolosha Shacabka Itoobiya ku tiirsan tahay Beeraha, dhulkiina uu noqday mid dug ah ama daalay oo aan waxba soo saari Karin. Itoobiya waxay samaysay waxay ku sheegtay Mashruuca Bacriminta oo ay ugu tala gashay in laga sameeyo Godey (Deegaanka Soomaalida) & Mataaharaa (Deegaanka Oromada), mase dhicin inay la sameeyo Mashaariic noocaas ah, waxaana sabab u ahaa Khilaafka Maamulkii Dhargiga & dagaaladda ka bilowday Deegaanadda Soomaalida, Aratariya & Tigray. Hadaba mar labaad ayay Itoobiya isku dayday inay soo noolayso hindisaha fulinta Mashruuca Bacriminta, wuxuuna ahaa kadib markii la sameeyay Urur-Goboleedka IGADD (Intergovernmental Authority on Drought & Development) oo markii dambe loo bixiya IGAD (Intergovernmental Authority on Development), qorshuhuna wuxuu ahaa in la dhamaystiro 1994 waxaase dhacay Dhargigii.

Hadaba waxaa jira Dukumiintiyo uu Xafiiska Qaramada Midoobaya ee UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization) ka sameeyay Qorshaha Itoobiya ee ahaa in Godey laga sameeyo Warshad Baxriminta (Fertilizer Plant) muddo laga joogo 40 Sano. Qoraalada ugu muhiimsan waxaa la qoray sanadihii 1975, 1985 & 1990. UNIDO waxay wakhtigaa kula talisay Itoobiya in aan Warshadda Baxriminta laga samaynin Godey waxayna sabab uga dhigtay waxyaabo badan ooy kamid yihiin: (i) inaan Gobolka Soomaalida looga baahnayn Sunta Baxriminta, ayna jiraan meelo kale ama Gobollo kale oo ay kaga habboon tahay in laga sameeyo, sida Goboladda Beeraha leh (Highland, Oromo & South/West regions), & (ii) arrimo xidhiidh la leh khataraha (environmental & other risks) & khibradda & awoodda Itoobiya ee maaraynta khataraha noocaas oo aad u hooseeya ama yar. Nasiib-daro waxa kaliyay ee lahayo ayaa ah warbixinnada & qoraaladda UNIDO ka samaysay Qorshaha Itoobiya ee Warshad Baxriminta Godey, waxaana Shacabka Soomaalida laga qariyay Qorshaha & Dukumiinti wixii xidhiidh la lahaa Mashruucan, waxaase dhacday inay Dowladda Itoobiya joojisay Qorshaha samaynta Warshadda, kadibna ay dhacdayba.

1990s & 2000s, Wakhtigii Meles waxay Dowladda Itoobiya dib u soo celisay hindisihii ahaa samaynta Warshadda Bacriminta, waxaana laga Gobolka Sitti ama Shiniile laga bilaabay 2016, waxaana lagula heshiiyay Shirkad ay leedahay Dowladda Marooko oo lagu magacaabo (OCP Group). Hadaba 40 Sana kadib (Sanadkii la soo dhaafay ama Oct 2025) waxay Itoobiya dhagax-dhigtay isla Warshaddaa, waxayna kula heshiisay Shirkad Nayjeeriya laga leeyahay (Dangote Group).

Dhammaaan isku-dayadaa ayaa ahaa kuwa laga keenay Dowladda Dhexe, mana jiraan wax darasad ah oo la sameeyay ama wax qorshe ah oo lala wadaagay Shacabka & Maamulka Deegaanka Soomaalida. Markaad la sheekeysato Shacabka & Maamulka Deegaanka Soomaalidu waxay kuu sheegayaan inaysan waxba ka ogayn Mashruucan oo uu yahay qorshe ka yimid Dowladda Dhexe, shaqoodooduna tahay inay ilaaliyaan nabad-galyada shaqaalaha & qalabka Mashruuca, wax dowr ama hadal ahna aynan ku lahayn fulintiisa & cidda ka shaqaynaysa.

Marka Warshad noocan oo kale ah la samaynayo waxaa lagama-maarmaan ah in Wada-tashi & kulamo lala yeesho Shacabka & Maamulka Gobolka laga samaynayo, & diyaarinta dukumiintiyo, daraasaad & heshiisyo wax walbana lagu qeexay, & in Shacabka & Maamulka Gobolka laga qayb galiyo howlaha & shaqada laqabano, oo uu kamid yahay daraasadaha & daba-galka, shaqaalaynta & qandaraasyada, & dakhliga & canshuuraha Mashruuca. Sida caadiga ah, marka Warshad noocan oo kale ah la samaynayo, waxaa loo baahan yahay 10 Dukumiinti*, mid walbana ka kooban yahay 5-20 Dukumiinti oo qeexaya shaqada, waxsoosaarka & nabad-galyada dhammaan howlaha Mashruuca. Nasiib-daro, sida Itoobiya laga bartay, wax Dukumiinti ah lagama hayo ama lalama wadaagin Odayaasha & Maamulka Deegaanka Soomaalida. Xogta kaliya ee la ogyahay ayaa ah inuu ku baxayo Maalgashi ah $2.5 Balyan, Ku baxayso Maalgashi dhan $2.5 Bilyan, soona saarayso 3 Malyan Baxrimin ah sanadkii, & lahaanshaha oo ah 40% Dowladda Itoobiya & 60% Shirkadda Nay Dangote. Maadaama aynan Dowladda Itoobiya haysanin dhaqaale waddankuna kujiro xaalado aan la saadaalin karin, waxaa hubaal ah inay Dowladda Itoobiya u baahan tahay inay Mashruucan u raadiso Maalgalin Shisheeye, waxaana jira warar sheegayay inay Itoobiya u codsatay Dowladda Malaysiya inay kacaawiso Mashruucan iyo ama in Imaaraadka Carabtu ku lug leeyahay Mashruucan.

Bacrimintu way noocya badan tahay, waxayna leedahay isticmaallo & faa-iidooyin balaadhan oo kala duwan, waxaana kamid mid ah ama ugu muhiimsan dhinacyada Beeraha, Nafaqada dhulka & Ciidda & Warshadaha, Hubka & waxyaabaha qarxa, waxaana ka dhalan karan khataro Caafimaad, Deegaan (ooy kamid yihiin Biyaha, Dhirta & Ciidda), Hawo & Nabad-galyo oo dhab ah haddii aan si taxadar leh loo maamlinna keeni kara musiibo & aafo natiijooyin xun leh. Dhaqanka Itoobiya ayaa ah mid ku salaysan khiyaano & boob, waxaana lagama-maarmaan ah inay Soomaalidu fahanto, ayna diiddo in lagu dullaysto khayraadkeeda. Sidaa aawadeed, Odayaasha, Waxgaradka, & Maamulka Soomaalidu waa inay u dhaqmaan sida Qowmiyadaha kale ee Dalka Itoobiya. Su’aasha aan jawaab loo haynin ayaa ah sababta Itoobiya ay mashruuc noocan oo kale ah ugula qamaamayso Deegaanka Soomaalida, ooy uga samayn la’dahay Deegaanadda kale ee caanka ku ah waxsoosaarka Beeraha?

Samaynta Mashruuc noocan oo kale ah wuxuu leeyahay faa-iidooyin & dhibaatooyin, wuxuuna noqon karaa Fursad-Horumarineed ama Dabin-Khiyaano oo lagu halaago Shacabka Gobolka. Mashruucu wuxuu isticmaalayaa Shidaalka Gobolka, dhul aad u baalaadhan ayaa lagu amray in Shacabku ka guuro, fursadaha shaqo ee uu laga halay ayaana ah Waardiye, halka Maamulka Deegaanku uusan wax jawaab ah uusan u haynin Shacabka Soomaaliyeed. Sidaa darted, marka aad loo eego siday wax ku bilowdeen ama siday ku socdaan, waxaa muuqata inuusan jirin wax wanaag ah oo laga sugaa mashruuc noocaas oo kale ah, waa haddaan qaabka wax loo wado aan wax laga badalin.

Waxyaabaha ka socda Sitti & Godey & Mashruuca Bacrimintuba ma aha kuwo uu wax ka ogyahay Shacabka & Maamulka Deegaanka Soomaalidu. Itoobiya waxay kula heshiishay Shirkadahaa laga leeyahay Marooko & Nayjeeriya (Moroccan OCP Group & Nigerian Dangote Group) inay Bacrimin u  sameeyaan Beeralayda Itoobiya, waxayna keensatay Shaqaale & Qandaraasley aan Soomaali ahayn, halka laga sugayo Shacabka & Booliska Soomaalidu inuu korkaa ka ilaaliyo (Waardiyaal). Sidaa darted, waa inay Madaxda Itoobiya u dhaqmaan sidii Dowlad oo uu Shacabka & Maamulka Soomaalidu howsha aas-aas u niqdaa, ama waa inuusan Shacabka & Maamulka Soomaalidu hoosta ku qarsanin Dabkii gubi lahaa.

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* Waxyaabaha maqan ee Soomaalida laga qarinayo ama diidan yahay waxaa kamid ah Dukumiintiydan: (1) feasibility study, (2) environmental and social impact assessment, (3) government permits and approvals, (4) land lease or land allocation agreement, (5) financing agreements, (6) engineering, procurement & construction (epc) contract, (7) resource supply agreements, (8) social responsibility & community agreements, (9) safety and risk management plans, (10) regulatory compliance documents.